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一80年代香港经济每年平均实际增长达7.1%,到1989年,香港国民生产总值已接近5000亿港元,人均生产总值达10,000美元,居亚洲四小之首。跨入90年代,香港经济发展的前景又将是怎样的呢?要回答这个问题,必须从香港所处的外部环境和内部因素两个方面来进行考察。一、外部环境。香港经济的国际性,决定了它的发展在很大程度上要受世界经济发展的影响和制约。90年代香港经济的发展至少有以下几个方面的不利因素和有利因素。1、主要的不利因素有:一是来自邻近地区竞争的威胁。在亚太地区,有来自高生产增值的南朝鲜和台湾,以及低生产成本的泰国和马来西亚的强劲竞争对手,这些国家和地区都在觊觎着香港制造业的地位,企图取而代之。而日本、新加坡和澳大利亚则在金融和货运等方面,企图从香港手中夺取国际金融中心和世界最大集装箱运输的地位。
In the 1980s, Hong Kong economy grew at an average annual rate of 7.1% a year. By 1989, Hong Kong’s gross domestic product was close to 500 billion Hong Kong dollars and its per capita GDP reached 10,000 U.S. dollars, ranking the fourth in Asia. In the 1990s, what is the future of Hong Kong’s economic development? To answer this question, we must examine Hong Kong’s external environment and internal factors. First, the external environment. The international nature of Hong Kong’s economy determines that its development will, to a large extent, be affected and constrained by the development of the world economy. The development of Hong Kong economy in the 1990s has at least the following unfavorable factors and favorable factors. 1, the main adverse factors are: First, from the threat of competition in neighboring areas. In the Asia-Pacific region, there are strong competitors from South Korea and Taiwan with high value-added production, as well as Thailand and Malaysia with low production costs, all of which are trying their best to replace Hong Kong’s manufacturing industry. Japan, Singapore and Australia are trying to seize Hong Kong from the hands of Hong Kong as the international financial center and the world’s largest container shipping center in terms of finance and freight transport.