目的探讨ＴＧＦβ１与ＴＧＦβＩ受体（ＲⅠ）在胃癌发生发展中的作用．方法采用免疫组化ＳＰ法检测基本正常胃粘膜（３０例）、肠化生（３０例）、不典型增生（２２例）及胃癌（２５例）中ＴＧＦβ１与ＴＧＦβＲⅠ的表达．结果肠化生、不典型增生及胃癌中ＴＧＦβ１的表达增强而ＴＧＦβＲⅠ表达递减（Ｐ＜００５）；不典型增生组与胃癌组间ＴＧＦβ１表达无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）；１９例胃癌（７６％）ＴＧＦβＲⅠ表达缺失；ＴＧＦβ１与ＴＧＦβＲⅠ表达与胃癌的浸润深度及淋巴结转移无关，在癌周正常组织与正常粘膜组间亦无显著差异（Ｐ＜００５）．结论ＴＧＦβＲⅠ表达缺失与ＴＧＦβ１过度表达可能参与胃癌的发生 Objective To investigate the role of TGFβ1 and TGFβI receptor (RI) in the development of gastric cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of TGFβ1 and TGFβRI in normal gastric mucosa (30 cases), intestinal metaplasia (30 cases), atypical hyperplasia (22 cases) and gastric cancer (25 cases). Results The expression of TGFβ1 was increased in intestinal metaplasia, atypical hyperplasia and gastric cancer, while the expression of TGFβRI was decreased (P<005). There was no significant difference in the expression of TGFβ1 between the atypical hyperplasia group and the gastric cancer group (P>0).  05); 19 cases of gastric cancer (76%) lack of expression of TGF  βRI; TGF  β1 and TGF  β RI expression was not related to the depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer, nor was there a significant difference between normal tissue and normal mucosa in the peripheral tissue ( P<005). Conclusion The lack of TGFβRI expression and overexpression of TGFβ1 may be involved in the development of gastric cancer