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目的:探讨血液科住院患者医院感染的特点和危险因素,为制定有效防控血液科医院感染的护理措施提供理论依据。方法:对2013年1月-2013年11月我院血液病中心收治的484例患者进行目标性监测,分析血液病患者医院感染情况。结果:484例患者发生医院感染172例,256例次,医院感染发生率为35.5%,52.8%,感染部位以上呼吸道、血液、和下呼吸道为主,分别为20.3%、16.4%、14.8%,67%的感染发生于化疗后骨髓抑制期,化疗后中性粒细胞减少、住院时间长是血液病患者医院感染的独立危险因素。结论:血液病患者是医院感染的易感人群,化疗及住院时间与感染呈正相关,做好化疗期间及化疗后骨髓抑制期的护理,能减少住院天数,降低医院感染发生率。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in hematology inpatients, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective nursing measures to prevent nosocomial infection in hematology department. Methods: From January 2013 to November 2013, 484 patients admitted to the Hematology Center of our hospital were monitored for the purpose of surveillance and the prevalence of nosocomial infections in patients with blood diseases was analyzed. Results: Among the 484 patients, 172 cases were hospital infection and 256 cases were hospitalized. The incidence of nosocomial infection was 35.5% and 52.8% respectively. The main respiratory tract, blood and lower respiratory tract were 20.3%, 16.4% and 14.8% Sixty-seven percent of the infections occurred in the stage of myelosuppression after chemotherapy, neutropenia after chemotherapy and long hospital stay were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients with hematological diseases. Conclusion: Patients with hematological diseases are susceptible to nosocomial infection. Chemotherapy and hospitalization time are positively correlated with infection. Nursing during chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy myelosuppression can reduce hospitalization days and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.