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以巴山冷杉针叶为原料,采用超声波法和比色法等研究黄酮类化合物的提取工艺与黄酮种类鉴别,并对其进行体外抗氧化能力测试。结果表明影响黄酮提取率大小的因素由大到小依次为:乙醇体积分数>超声温度>超声功率>超声时间。超声波法提取巴山冷杉针叶黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数55%、超声温度66℃、超声功率300 W、超声时间40 min。在此条件下黄酮提取率可达4.817%。巴山冷杉针叶中的黄酮类物质主要为二氢黄酮、黄酮醇和查尔酮。巴山冷杉针叶黄酮提取液对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基均具有较好的清除作用,清除率分别为66.5%和86.8%。
In order to study the extraction technology of flavonoids and the identification of flavonoids by ultrasonic method and colorimetric method, the fir-birch needles of Baishan Mountain were used as raw materials, and their antioxidant activity in vitro was tested. The results showed that the factors influencing the extraction rate of flavonoids in descending order were: ethanol volume fraction> ultrasonic temperature> ultrasonic power> ultrasonic time. The optimum conditions for ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids from A. bungeana were as follows: ethanol volume fraction 55%, ultrasonic temperature 66 ℃, ultrasonic power 300 W and ultrasonic time 40 min. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of flavonoids can reach 4.817%. Flavonoids in Bashan fir needles are mainly flavanone, flavonol and chalcone. The extract of A. bungeanum flavonoids had good scavenging effects on DPPH radical and ABTS free radicals with the clearance rates of 66.5% and 86.8%, respectively.