论文部分内容阅读
目的了解苯作业工人职业健康检查结果和苯作业相关知信行状况,提出针对性的预防控制措施提供参考。方法对414名苯作业工人进行职业健康检查,同时对工人进行苯作业工人职业卫生知信行问卷调查。数据进行统计学分析。结果参加职业健康检查工人414人,血常规异常率为26.8%。男性血压、彩超、ALT的异常率高于女性,女性中性粒细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白的异常率高于男性。知信行调查收回有效问卷396份,其中85.5%工人接受过上岗前培训,97.9%工人知道自己接触苯,97.2%工人知道苯对人体有害,81.3%工人答对了苯进入人体的主要途径,只有69.4%工人能准确说出苯进人人体后的具体损害。工人定期参加职业健康检查的比例较高,为96.1%。女工人防护用品使用率和参加安全卫生活动率均高于男工人。是否经常佩戴防护用品和是否参加职业安全卫生活动与血常规结果之间的联系有统计学意义。结论苯对女性造血系统的危害较男性更为严重,应尽量不安排女性从事苯作业。应加强对员工的健康教育和健康促进,促进工人掌握相关防护知识,形成和保持正确防护行为。
OBJECTIVE To understand the occupational health examination results of benzene workers and the status of knowledge and practice related to benzene operations, and to provide some references for prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 414 benzene workers were inspected for their occupational health and workers were asked to conduct a questionnaire survey on the occupational health of benzene workers. Data for statistical analysis. Results Occupational health examination workers to participate in 414, abnormal blood rate was 26.8%. Abnormal rates of blood pressure, color Doppler ultrasound and ALT in males were higher than those in females. The abnormal rates of neutrophils, erythrocytes and hemoglobin in females were higher than those in males. A total of 396 valid questionnaires were retrieved by the CBRE, 85.5% of whom received pre-appointment training, 97.9% of workers knew that they were exposed to benzene, 97.2% of workers knew benzene was harmful to human beings, and 81.3% answered that the main way for benzene to enter the human body was only 69.4 % Of workers can accurately tell the specific damage caused by benzene into the human body. Workers occupy a relatively high proportion of regular occupational health examinations, at 96.1%. The utilization rate of protective equipment for female workers and the rate of participation in health and safety activities are higher than those of male workers. There was a statistically significant association between regular wear of protective gear and occupational safety and health activities and blood routine results. Conclusion Benzene is more harmful to the hematopoietic system of the female than male, benzene should be arranged as far as possible in women. Employees ’health education and health promotion should be strengthened to promote workers’ knowledge of relevant protective measures and to form and maintain correct protective behaviors.