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随着工业化、城镇化的快速推进,传统民族村落面临衰退的现实:村寨原住民外流,传统村落空心化;自然生态环境与民“朝夕相处”却被忽视保护;民俗建筑群落别具风情却遭受冲击和“冷落”;非物质文化遗产蕴含丰富却又日渐消失。究其原因是传统村落保护“内忧外患”:一是民族村所处的大环境是加速其消失的外部原因;二是政府管理制度不完善、村民保护意识不强、不能满足村民现代生活需要及经济发展不足等是加速民族村非物质文化遗产消失的内部原因。面对民族村消失之现状,拯救路径是留住村民,阻止民族村“空巢”甚至“弃巢”;修复自然生态环境,维持村落生态平衡;优化人文生态环境,促进村落活态发展。
With the rapid industrialization and urbanization, the traditional ethnic villages are faced with the reality of recession: the outflow of aboriginal villages and the hollowing out of traditional villages; the natural ecological environment and people are neglected and protected; Suffered shocks and “cold ”; intangible cultural heritage rich but disappearing. The reason is that the traditional village protection “internal and external problems ”: First, the environment in which the ethnic village is located is the external reason to speed up its disappearance; second, the government management system is imperfect and the villager’s protection awareness is not strong enough to meet the villagers’ modern life Needs and lack of economic development are the internal reasons for accelerating the disappearance of the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic villages. In the face of the disappearance of the ethnic villages, the path of saving is to retain the villagers and prevent the ethnic villages from empty nesting or even abandoning their nest, to repair the natural ecological environment and maintain the ecological balance of the villages, to optimize the humanistic ecological environment and promote the livelihood of the village State development.