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目的探讨延安市某医院2006-2010年皮肤科门诊患者真菌感染的菌群分布、特点及变迁情况,为临床防治真菌感染提供研究依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,收集5年来该院皮肤科门诊患者的所有真菌检查的病例资料,对标本来源、菌群分布及菌种变迁进行调查和分析。结果 5年中真菌感染阳性率为9.98%~44.05%,男性感染率高于女性,浅部真菌感染率高于深部真菌,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.005);60岁以上患者占38.18%,感染以白假丝酵母菌为主但所占比例5年间下降了16.86%(P<0.05),而其他假丝酵母菌所占比例则呈上升趋势。结论 5年来该院真菌感染菌群分布发生了变迁;真菌感染以老年男性为主,儿童真菌感染亦不容忽视,临床应加强对这些真菌感染的预防和监测,防止真菌感染。
Objective To investigate the flora distribution, characteristics and changes of fungal infections in dermatology outpatients from 2006 to 2010 in a hospital in Yan’an City, and to provide the basis for clinical prevention and control of fungal infections. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to collect all the cases of dermatological outpatients from the dermatology outpatient department in the past five years and to investigate the source of the specimens, the distribution of the bacteria and the changes of the strains. Results The positive rate of fungal infection was 9.98% ~ 44.05% in 5 years. The prevalence rate of male was higher than that of female, and the fungal infection rate of superficial part was higher than that of deep fungus (P <0.005). The prevalence of fungal infection was 38.18 %, The infection was mainly Candida albicans, but the proportion decreased by 16.86% in 5 years (P <0.05), while the proportion of other candida was on the rise. Conclusion The distribution of fungal infection in this hospital has changed over the past five years. Fungal infections are mainly elderly men, and fungal infections in children should not be neglected. Prevention and monitoring of these fungal infections should be strengthened clinically to prevent fungal infections.