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随着经济的快速发展,当代中国面临的纠纷亦逐渐趋于多元化和复杂化。在此大背景之下,多元化纠纷解决机制成为了学界研究的热点。近年来,无论是在法学界、政治学界、社会学界,抑或是历史学界、管理学界,关于多元化解决机制的研究成果汗牛充栋。然而,目前已有的相关研究成果中,大部分更加关注多元化纠纷解决的理论框架建设,对该方面的实证经验分析却非常不够。单纯地从理论上进行研究调解机制显得有些“空中楼阁”的意蕴,正如董磊明博士所言:“从整体上说当前关于中国农村纠纷调解机制的研究,仍然给人隔靴搔痒的感觉,它们展现的似乎都是‘书本上或黑板上的民间调解’,而不是‘村庄生活中的民间调解’。”而对后者的研究需要有充实可靠的材料与数据等信息予以支撑。汕头大学法学院张勤博士新近出版的《当代中国基层调解研究——以潮汕地区为例》(中国政法大学出版社2012年版,以下简称《基层调解》),不同于传统思辨性的调解研究成果。该书大量地运用参与式观察和访谈等实证研究方法,从法治、历史变迁和乡村司法等多维度出发,以国家政权建设和基层调解的制度化、基层调解的乡土化为研究路径,并以当代潮汕地区为时空坐标,为我们铺开了一幅完整又清晰的当代基层调解画卷。
With the rapid economic development, the disputes facing contemporary China have gradually become more diversified and complicated. Under this background, the mechanism of diversified dispute resolution has become a hot topic in academic research. In recent years, the research results on the mechanism of pluralism have been perfected both in the field of law, politics, sociology, history or management. However, most of the relevant research results that are currently available pay more attention to the theoretical framework for the construction of pluralistic dispute resolution. However, the empirical analysis of this aspect is not enough. Simply studying the mechanism of mediation theoretically appears to be somewhat “implied”. As Dr TUNG Lim-ming puts it: “On the whole, the current study on the mediation mechanism of rural disputes in China still gives way to it. Seems to be ’civil mediation on the books or on the blackboard’ rather than ’civil mediation in village life.’ ”The research on the latter needs solid, solid materials and data to support it. Recently, Dr. Zhang Qin from Shantou University School of Law published “Research on Contemporary Chinese Grassroots Mediation - Taking Chaoshan Area as an Example” (China University of Political Science and Law Press, 2012, hereinafter referred to as “Grassroots Mediation”), which is different from the results of traditional mediatory mediation . The book makes extensive use of empirical research methods such as participatory observation and interview. From the perspectives of the rule of law, historical changes and rural justice, the book takes the construction of state power and the institutionalization of grassroots mediation and the localization of grassroots mediation as research paths, Contemporary Chaoshan region for space-time coordinates, for us to lay a complete and clear picture of contemporary grass-roots mediation.