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目的研究实施生物灭蚊幼措施防治永城市疟疾暴发流行的效果。方法选择永城市2006年出现疟疾暴发和疟疾疫情较重的5个乡镇的31个行政村实施生物灭蚊幼措施,使用球形芽孢杆菌悬浮剂喷洒村内和村周水塘,剂量为8ml/m2水面,15d喷洒一次至流行季节结束,喷洒前和喷洒后2d调查中华按蚊蚊幼密度和成蚊密度。收集疟疾报告、个案调查等资料进行统计,并与5个乡镇中未实施生物灭蚊幼措施的行政村疟疾发病情况进行比较分析。结果喷洒后2d蚊幼密度下降75.6～100%,成蚊密度下降50～100%。永城市2007年没有出现疟疾暴发点。实施生物灭蚊幼措施行政村当年共发病323例,发病率为0.48%,较上年0.98%的发病率下降51.3%,有统计学差异(χ2=118.099,P<0.001)。与未实施生物灭蚊幼措施的行政村相比,两者2006年发病率没有统计学差异(χ2=2.818,P=0.093),2007年前者低于后者0.54%的发病率,有统计学差异(χ2=4.378,P=0.036)。结论球形芽孢杆菌水面喷洒可降低中华按蚊蚊幼密度和成蚊密度,实施生物灭蚊幼措施可有效减少疟疾发病率。
Objective To study the effect of implementing the biological mosquito control measures to prevent and control malaria outbreak in Yongcheng. Methods Thirty-one administrative villages in 5 townships and towns with malaria outbreaks and malaria epidemics in Yongcheng City in 2006 were selected to carry out the biological mosquito-killing measures. The spores of the villages and villages were sprayed with Bacillus sphaericus suspension at a dose of 8ml / m2 water surface for 15 days Spraying once to the end of the epidemic season, before spraying and spraying 2d after investigation mosquito mosquito density and mosquito density. Collecting malaria reports, case studies and other data for statistical analysis, and compared with the incidence of malaria in the administrative villages in the five towns that did not implement the biological mosquito-killing measures. Results The mosquito density decreased 75.6% ~ 100% 2 d after spraying, and the adult mosquito density decreased by 50 ~ 100%. There was no malaria outbreak in Yongcheng in 2007. The implementation of biological mosquito measures Young administrative villages were 323 cases of the year, the incidence was 0.48%, compared with 0.98% the previous year the incidence decreased 51.3%, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 118.099, P <0.001). Compared with the administrative villages that did not implement the measures of biological mosquito control, there was no significant difference between the two in 2006 (χ2 = 2.818, P = 0.093). The former was lower than the latter by 0.54% in 2007, with statistics Difference (χ2 = 4.378, P = 0.036). Conclusion Spraying Bacillus subtilis can reduce the mosquito density and mosquito density of Anopheles sinensis, and the young mosquito control measures can effectively reduce the incidence of malaria.