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【目的】对比分析普瑞巴林联合神经阻滞和加巴喷丁联合神经阻滞治疗带状疱疹（HZ）后神经痛（PHN）的疗效和安全性。【方法】收集PHN患者100例，按照治疗方法分为两组，每组50例，A组采用口服普瑞巴林联合神经阻滞治疗，B组采用加巴喷丁联合神经阻滞治疗，共治疗3周。用视觉模拟评分（visual an-alogue scale，VAS）和24 h睡眠时间来评价治疗效果，同时观察两组并发症及药物不良反应。【结果】在3周住院期间，两组患者治疗后各时点与治疗前相比疼痛评分随时间下降，睡眠时间均增加（P ＜0．05）；A组的VAS评分下降大于B组，24 h睡眠时间增加大于B组（P＜0．05）；两组未出现并发症及严重的药物副作用。【结论】普瑞巴林联合神经阻滞及加巴喷丁联合神经阻滞治疗 PHN，均可迅速缓解疼痛，改善睡眠质量，但前者疗效优于后者。“,”[Objective]To compare and analyze the efficacy and safety of pregabalin combined with nerve block vs.gabapentin combined with nerve block for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).[Meth-ods]Totally 100 patients with PHN were collected.According to the treatment methods,all patients were di-vided into two groups with 50 patients in each group.Group A was given oral pregabalin combined with nerve block,while group B was given oral gabapentin combined with nerve block for 3 weeks.Visual analog scale (VAS)and 24h sleep time were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect.The complications and adverse drug re-actions were also observed.[Results]Compared with before treatment,pain scores in two groups after treat-ment during 3 weeks of hospitalization were decreased with the time,while sleep time was increased(P <0.05).VAS scores of group A were decreased more than those in group B,while 24h sleep time in group A was increased more than that in group B(P<0.05).No complication and serious adverse reaction of drugs was found in two groups.[Conclusion]Pregabalin combined with nerve block or gabapentin combined with nerve block for the treatment of PHN can both quickly relieve pain and improve sleep quality,but the former is more effective than the latter.