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为筛选芥蓝×甘蓝型油菜种间杂交后代的遗传背景,加速回交转育进程,采用蕾期授粉结合胚挽救手段进行远缘杂交,获得芥蓝和甘蓝型油菜的种间杂种F1和BC1群体。利用已有的220对SSR引物对双亲进行多态性筛选,获得多态性引物51对。挑选均匀分布在甘蓝9条染色体上、扩增稳定、条带清晰的33对多态性SSR引物,对3株F1单株和35株BC1单株进行遗传背景筛选。NTSYSpc2.11a分析结果表明:F1植株的遗传背景与亲本甘蓝型油菜更为接近,遗传相似系数为0.74;而BC1植株的遗传背景差异较大,与亲本芥蓝的遗传相似系数在0.26~0.65之间。在35株BC1植株中,单株14Y1与芥蓝的遗传背景最为相近,形态观察结果进一步验证了该单株的遗传背景与回交亲本芥蓝更相似,可用于下一步回交转育。
In order to screen the genetic background of interspecific hybrids between Chinese cabbage × Brassica napus, we accelerated the process of backcrossing and crossed the embryos by budding and embryo rescue to obtain the interspecific hybrids F1 and BC1 group. Polymorphism screening of parents by using the existing 220 pairs of SSR primers resulted in 51 pairs of polymorphic primers. A total of 33 pairs of SSR primers with stable and clear bands were selected on 9 chromosomes of Brassica oleracea. Three F1 and 35 BC1 individuals were selected for genetic background screening. The results of NTSYSpc2.11a analysis showed that the genetic background of F1 was more similar to that of the parent Brassica napus, and the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.74. However, the genetic background of BC1 was quite different with the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.26-0.65 between. Among the 35 BC1 plants, the genetic background of 14Y1 and Chinese kale was the closest. The morphological observation further confirmed that the genetic background of this plant was more similar to that of the backcrossed parent kale and could be used in the next step of backcrossing.