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目的研究20世纪以来广西壮族自治区(广西)微小按蚊的种群密度和地理分布,为疟疾防治提供参考。方法收集广西20世纪50-90年代微小按蚊资料及疟疾发病率,于2004-2010年在不同经纬度原以微小按蚊为主要传播媒介的疟疾流行区收集该蚊成蚊,采用形态学和PCR方法鉴定采集的微小按蚊样品。结果1957-1998年对全自治区不同经纬度媒介按蚊调查,92个县中有56个县存在微小按蚊;2004-2007年在该蚊活动频繁的36个县的乡村收集按蚊,仅在20个县40个媒介点采集到微小按蚊244只;采用种类分子鉴定,除百色市旺甸村有微小按蚊种类A存在外,其他地区均为微小按蚊种类C。2008年后全自治区各县疟疾疫情发病率已降至0.1/万。结论目前在广西存在微小按蚊种类A和C两种,以种类C为主;全自治区不同经纬度的微小按蚊种群密度和分布范围已经明显减少,该蚊有可能不再是该区域疟疾传播的主要媒介。
Objective To study population density and geographical distribution of Anopheles minimsi from the 20th century in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi), and to provide reference for malaria control. Methods The incidence of Anopheles minimus and malaria in Guangxi during the 1950s-1990s was collected. The mosquitoes were collected from malaria-endemic areas with different vectors in the latitude and longitude between 2004 and 2010. Morphological and PCR Methods Identify collected samples of Anopheles minimus. Results An Anopheles minimus was detected in 56 counties of 92 counties from 1957 to 1998 in different autonomous regions of the world. Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in the villages of 36 counties with frequent mosquitoes in 2004-2007, A total of 244 Anopheles minimus were collected from 40 media sites in each county. Species identification showed that there was C. anopheles species A in other areas except for An. Since 2008, the incidence of malaria in counties in the entire autonomous region has dropped to 0.1 / 10,000. Conclusions At present, there are two species A and C of Anopheles minimus in Guangxi, mainly C species. The population density and distribution range of Anopheles minimus at different latitudes and longitudes in the whole autonomous region have obviously decreased, and the mosquito may no longer be the malaria transmission in this region The main medium.