从当前教学评价的发展趋势看,以教师等他人为绝对主体的“他主评价”方式将逐渐被以学生自评为主、他人评价为辅的“自主评价”方式所取代。因此,有必要厘清自主评价的含义、特征和意义,深入探讨训练和支持学生获得自主评价能力的有效方法,基于元认知理论构建学生的自主评价体系。 Judging from the current trend of teaching evaluation, teachers who wait for others as the absolute main body will gradually be replaced by “self-evaluation ” mode, which is mainly based on self-evaluation by students and supplemented by others. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the meaning, characteristics and significance of self-evaluation, to explore in depth the effective ways to train and support students to obtain their own ability of self-evaluation, and to construct students’ self-evaluation system based on metacognition theory.