新生儿细菌感染发病率高,尤其是早产儿、极低出生体重儿,其早期临床表现不明显,病情发展速度快,可能危及患儿生命,因此早期诊断和评估新生儿感染性疾病有着重要意义。随着感染性生物标志物的不断研究和发现,对Toll样受体(toll-like receptor,TLR)有着进一步认识,并证实了TLR参与新生儿感染性疾病的机制。TLR是与果蝇Toll蛋白同源性表达于细胞膜上并与免疫系统识别微生物有 The incidence of bacterial infection in newborns is high, especially in premature infants and very low birth weight infants. Its early clinical manifestations are not obvious, and the disease develops rapidly, which may endanger the life of infants. So early diagnosis and assessment of neonatal infectious diseases is of great significance . With the continuous research and discovery of infectious biomarkers, there is a further understanding of toll-like receptor (TLR) and the mechanism of TLR involved in neonatal infectious diseases. TLR is homologous to Drosophila Toll protein expressed on the cell membrane and recognized by the immune system as micro-organisms