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在冬小麦－ 夏玉米→春玉米轮作条件下，对１３ 年长期肥料定位试验中作物产量及氮肥利用率在不同年份的变异情况进行了分析。结果表明：玉米吸收土壤氮素的比例高于对肥料氮的吸收，而且其对肥料氮的利用率低于小麦，并极易受夏涝的影响；氮、磷化肥合理配施或再配以有机肥可以促进作物高产稳产，避免不利气候因子对作物的影响。
Under the conditions of winter wheat-summer maize → spring maize rotation, the variations of crop yield and N use efficiency in different years of 13-year long-term fertilizer experiment were analyzed. The results showed that the ratio of nitrogen uptake by soil was higher than that of nitrogen by fertilizer, and the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizer was lower than that of wheat and easily affected by summer flood. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were rationally combined with Organic fertilizer can promote high and stable crop yield and avoid adverse climatic effects on crops.