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根据现行奥地利刑事诉讼立法,刑事案件初审以法官独任制形式(区法院和初审法院的管辖划分由奥地利刑法严格规定的犯罪构成确定)或合议审判法庭形式进行(选任陪审法庭和陪审法庭)。陪审法庭由3名职业法官和8名陪审员(陪审团)组成(参见《奥地利刑事诉讼法》第14条,第300条)。3名法官中的1名法官担任首席法官。在法庭审理时间较长的情况下,首席法官最多有权确定2名候补法官和4名候补陪审员。法庭有权审理刑事案件和对政治犯罪作出判决(参见《奥地利刑法》第242条关于叛国罪的规定,第249条至251条关于颠覆国家最高机关的规定,第279条关于武装密谋的规定)同时,也审理依法判处终身监禁或10年以上剥夺自由刑的案件(根据奥地利宪法》第85条规定,废除死刑,终身监禁期限可以超过20年)。
Under the current Austrian criminal procedure legislation, the first instance of a criminal case takes the form of the sole judge (determined by the composition of the jurisdiction of the district court and the court of first instance as constituted by the criminal constitution under the auspices of Austria) or a collegial trial court (elected to jury court and jury court). The jury consists of 3 professional judges and 8 jurors (jury) (see Art. 14 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Austria, art. 300). One of the three judges serves as chief judge. Subject to a long trial in court, the Chief Justice has the power to determine up to two alternate judges and four alternate jurors. The Tribunal has the power to hear criminal cases and to make judgments on political crimes (see article 242 of the Austrian Penal Code on treason, articles 249 to 251 on the subversion of the highest authorities in the country and article 279 on armed conspiracies) At the same time, cases of life imprisonment for life imprisonment or deprivation of liberty for 10 years or more are also tried (according to Article 85 of the Austrian Constitution, the death penalty is abolished and the life imprisonment term can exceed 20 years).