论文部分内容阅读
纵观20世纪70年代以来西方左翼学者对待历史唯物主义迥然不同的态度和观点,可以归纳出五种历史唯物主义观。哈贝马斯在哲学反思中展开了对历史唯物主义的重建,并试图创立基于交往行为的社会进化新理论。柯亨、罗默、埃尔斯特等人将历史唯物主义看作关乎事实的科学,并尝试运用分析哲学补充历史唯物主义的微观方法基础。奥康纳、福斯特等人提出历史唯物主义的本质是生态唯物主义,全面开启了历史唯物主义的自然维度。詹姆逊、阿格里塔、哈维等人创造性地将历史唯物主义运用于对晚期资本主义社会文化现象的分析中。鲍德里亚、拉克劳、墨菲等人从后现代主义出发,全面质疑并否定了历史唯物主义的基本观点。
Looking at the disparate attitudes and opinions of Western left-wing scholars toward historical materialism since the 1970s, we can sum up five concepts of historical materialism. Habermas started the reconstruction of historical materialism in philosophical reflection and tried to establish a new theory of social evolution based on communicative action. Cohen, Roemer, Elst and others regard the historical materialism as the science of fact, and try to use analytic philosophy to supplement the micro-method foundation of historical materialism. O’Connor and Forster put forward the essence of historical materialism as ecological materialism and fully opened up the natural dimension of historical materialism. Jameson, Agrita, Harvey and others creatively applied historical materialism to the analysis of the social and cultural phenomena of late capitalism. Baudrillard, Laclau, Murphy and others set out from postmodernism to fully question and deny the basic views of historical materialism.