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生态系统服务价值评估是评价自然生态系统和人工生态系统经济价值的重要方法,是生态学和地理学研究的重要领域.然而,任何价值的形成都免不了成本投入,学术界普遍使用的生态系统服务价值评估方法忽略了生态系统在形成这些服务功能时的成本投入(包括直接投入成本、资源占用成本、风险成本等),计算得出的服务价值必然会夸大自然和人工生态系统、以及维护和恢复生态系统相关措施的经济学意义,给土地利用规划造成混乱,影响了国民经济发展规划的科学性和可行性.为了探索基于可持续发展目标的土地规划的有效方法,该研究在生态系统服务价值概念的基础上,提出了生态系统服务净价值评估方法,并以北京市人工林项目为例,解释了这一方法的应用原理及其意义.通过生态系统服务净价值评估,可以比较分析不同土地利用方式产生的最大净收益,为土地的资源化利用、工农业项目、以及生态环保项目的科学规划和评估提供决策依据,并为社会经济可持续发展、以及国民经济发展规划提供科学依据.
The valuation of ecosystem services is an important method to evaluate the economic value of natural ecosystems and artificial ecosystems and is an important area of ecology and geography research.However, the formation of any value will inevitably cost investment, ecosystem services commonly used in academia The value appraisal method ignores the cost inputs (including direct input costs, resource occupancy costs, risk costs, etc.) of ecosystems in forming these service functions. The calculated service value will inevitably exaggerate the natural and artificial ecosystems, and maintain and restore The economic significance of ecosystem-related measures has confused land use planning and has affected the scientificity and feasibility of national economic development planning.In order to explore an effective method of land planning based on the sustainable development goals, Based on the concept of ecosystem services, this paper puts forward the method of appraising the net value of ecosystem services and takes the artificial forest project in Beijing as an example to explain the application principle and its significance of this method.According to the evaluation of ecosystem services net value, The maximum net income generated by means of use is soil Resource utilization, industrial and agricultural projects, as well as scientific planning and evaluation of ecological environmental protection projects to provide basis for decision making, and for the sustainable socio-economic development and national economic development plans provide a scientific basis.