在经济体制改革中,随着扩大企业自主权,实行厂长负责制,微观经济呈现出一派生机和活力,促进了整个国民经济的发展。但是,企业扩权,实行厂长负责制的实践,也向人们提出了一个新的问题,即企业厂长,特别是全民所有制企业厂长的身份问题。这个问题,正在引起经济理论界的关注、思考和热烈讨论。企业厂长的身份问题,实质上就是厂长对谁负责,代表谁的利益的问题。要搞清这个问题,必须从生产资料所有制及企业的性质和地位出发来进行考察。在资本主义社会里,生产资料是私人占有,企业是资本家个人或集团的财产,是完全独立的商品生产者,厂长(经理)受雇于资本家或资本家集团对企业进行管理。因 In the reform of the economic system, with the expansion of the autonomy of enterprises and the implementation of the director responsibility system, the micro-economy presents vitality and vitality, and promotes the development of the entire national economy. However, the practice of enlarging the power of enterprises and implementing the responsibility system of the factory director also raises a new problem, namely, the status of the director of the company, especially the director of a state-owned enterprise. This issue is causing concern, thinking, and heated discussion in the economic and theoretical circles. The question of the identity of the director of an enterprise is essentially the question of who is responsible for the director and who represents his interests. To understand this issue, we must proceed from the perspective of the ownership of production materials and the nature and status of enterprises. In capitalist society, the means of production are private possession, the enterprise is the capitalist’s personal or group property, and it is a completely independent producer of commodities. The director (manager) is employed by a capitalist or capitalist group to manage the enterprise. because