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根据热质运动理论可以得到普适导热定律,适用于极高热流密度以及超快速加热的极端导热条件。已有的理论研究得到了声子气状态方程,适用于非金属材料中的普适导热模型。而在金属材料中电子是热量传递的主要载体,声子气状态方程将不再适用。本文推导出热质理论中的电子气状态方程,并得到金属中的普适导热定律,为金属材料中极端条件下非Fourier导热现象的研究提供了理论基础。
According to the theory of thermal mass motion, universal heat conduction law can be obtained, which is suitable for extreme heat conduction conditions with extremely high heat flux density and ultra-fast heating. Existing theoretical studies have been phonon gas equation of state, suitable for non-metallic materials in the general thermal conductivity model. In metal materials, electrons are the main carrier of heat transfer, phonon gas equation of state will no longer apply. In this paper, we derive the state equation of electron gas in the theory of heat and mass, and get the universal law of heat conduction in the metal, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of non-Fourier heat conduction phenomenon under extreme conditions in metal materials.