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目的对广州市花都区2014年登革热流行病学特征进行分析,综合评价预防控制措施的效果,为今后有效防控登革热疫情提供参考依据和实践经验。方法应用流行病学方法调查分析登革热疫情的流行病学特点,用布雷图指数和病例发病趋势评价所采取预防控制措施的效果。结果 2014年广州市花都区发生登革热流行,9月1日-11月20日共发现543例,累计发病率56.30/10万,重症病例2例,无死亡病例。疫情持续78 d,疫情高峰出现在10月中旬,病例主要集中于花都区城区4个街道与狮岭镇,发病人群以青壮年为主,女性高于男性,职业以家务及待业、农村居民、工人为主,大多数病例表现典型、轻型登革热症状。采集406例进行血标本检测,233例登革热Ig M抗体和Ig G抗体阳性,67例登革热病毒核酸阳性,106例登革热Ig M抗体阳性。采取综合预防控制措施后,平均布雷图指数下降到4.52,11月份登革热发病率明显下降,疫情得到有效控制。结论 2014年广州市花都区登革热呈暴发高流行态势,流行特征与广东省、广州市一致。经采取综合防控措施后,疫情得到全面控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Huadu District of Guangzhou in 2014 and evaluate the effects of prevention and control measures comprehensively to provide reference and practical experience for the effective prevention and control of dengue fever in the future. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever were investigated by epidemiological methods. The effects of prevention and control measures were evaluated by using the Brett Index and the incidence of cases. Results A total of 543 cases of dengue fever were found in Huadu District of Guangzhou from September 1 to November 20, with a cumulative incidence of 56.30 / 100,000. There were 2 severe cases and no deaths. The epidemic lasted for 78 days and the peak appeared in mid-October. The cases mainly concentrated in 4 streets and Shiling Town in the urban area of Huadu District. Most of the patients in the epidemic were young and middle-aged, women were higher than males and their jobs were household and unemployed. Rural residents , Workers, the majority of cases showed typical, mild dengue symptoms. A total of 406 cases were collected for blood test. 233 cases were positive for dengue Ig M and Ig G antibodies, 67 were positive for dengue virus nucleic acid and 106 were positive for dengue Ig M antibodies. After adopting comprehensive prevention and control measures, the average Brettill index dropped to 4. 52, the incidence of dengue fever dropped significantly in November, and the outbreak was effectively controlled. Conclusions Dengue fever in Huadu District of Guangzhou City showed a high-prevalence outbreak in 2014. The epidemic characteristics are consistent with those of Guangdong and Guangzhou. After taking comprehensive prevention and control measures, the outbreak was under full control.