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采用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡(RHSCC)、色差仪、组织切片法及高效液相色谱—二极管阵列检测技术(HPLC–PAD)对牡丹品种‘金衣花脸’和‘霞光’开花过程中花色变化、色素的分布及组成和含量的变化进行研究。从两个品种花瓣(不含色斑部位)中共检出4种花青素和14种黄酮类色素,主要分布在花瓣表皮细胞内,中部栅栏组织无或仅有少量黄酮类色素。两个品种开花过程中花色明度增加,彩度降低,红色减退,分别由红黄复色和红色变为浅黄色和橙黄色。开花过程中色素组成不变,色素含量变化明显,总花青素和总黄酮含量均呈逐渐降低趋势,且总花青素含量降低幅度更大。开花过程中花青素和黄酮的降解速率不同,使得花色逐渐由红色向橙色至黄色变化。
The changes of flower color during flowering of ’Peony’ and ’Xiaoguang’ were studied by RHSCC, color difference meter, histological sectioning and HPLC-PAD. , Pigment distribution and composition and content changes were studied. Four kinds of anthocyanins and 14 kinds of flavonoids were detected from the two varieties of petals (excluding the stain spots), mainly distributed in the petal epidermal cells, with no or only a few flavonoids in the middle palisade tissue. During the flowering process, the floral color intensity increased, the chroma decreased and the red color decreased. The red color, yellow color and red color changed from red and yellow to yellow and orange. During the flowering process, the pigment composition remained unchanged, the pigment content changed obviously, the content of total anthocyanin and total flavonoids decreased gradually, and the total anthocyanin content decreased more. The rate of degradation of anthocyanins and flavones during flowering varied so that the color changed gradually from red to orange to yellow.