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1989年底，我国拥有国营大中型企业12272个，其工业产值占全部工业总产值的52％，固定资产占66.5％，职工人数占37.6％，可见国营大中型企业是我国工业的脊梁。但据1990年末统计，预算内国营工业企业实现税利比上年同期下降18.8％，企业亏损增长一倍。面对这种严峻的现实，不能不使我们感到，搞好国营大中型企业关系到我国经济发展的兴衰，关系到经济体制改革的成败，关系到社会主义制度的浮沉。
At the end of 1989, China had 12,272 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. Its industrial output accounted for 52% of the total industrial output value, fixed assets accounted for 66.5%, and the number of employees accounted for 37.6%. It can be seen that state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises are the backbone of China’s industry. However, according to statistics from the end of 1990, the tax-profits of state-owned industrial enterprises in the budget fell by 18.8% over the same period of last year, and the company’s losses have doubled. Faced with this grim reality, we cannot but make us feel that doing a good job of the state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises in relation to the rise and fall of China’s economic development is related to the success or failure of the economic system reform and the ups and downs of the socialist system.