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采用X射线衍射、透射电镜观察研究了Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-5Ni合金恒应变约束时,拉伸停载过程中应力诱发ε马氏体相变的特点及其应力松弛特性。研究表明,恒应变约束状态下停载10 min可以有效提高合金的应力诱发ε马氏体数量;恒应变停载0~5 min时,Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金应力松弛率随时间急剧上升,5 min之后,松弛率增加变缓,表明应力诱发γ→ε马氏体相变主要在前5 min内完成;热-机械训练既提高Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金形状记忆效应,又降低合金的应力松弛率,在实际工程应用时应予以考虑。
X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the characteristics of stress-induced ε-martensite transformation and stress relaxation characteristics under constant strain of Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-5Ni alloy. The results show that the stress-induced ε-martensite content can be effectively increased under 10s of constant strain restraint, and the stress relaxation rate of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy increases sharply with the time constant from 0 to 5 min. After 5 min, the relaxation rate increased slowly, indicating that the stress induced γ → ε martensitic transformation was mainly completed within the first 5 min. Thermal-mechanical training not only enhanced the shape memory effect of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy but also decreased the Stress relaxation rate, in practical engineering applications should be considered.