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儿童发育是一个不断变化的过程,发育从受精卵开始,经历胎儿、儿童、青春期直至成年期,整个过程受到遗传和环境多种因素的交互作用。卵子受精时,个体的生长潜力及各组织、器官生长顺序的遗传基因已编码就序,从而决定了生长发育的可能性;神经、激素、生长因子及外界环境因素均可影响遗传基因的表达,决定生长发育的现实性。在生长发育的关键期,环境因素的干扰会产生远期效应。
Child development is an ever-changing process. The development begins with fertilized eggs, through fetuses, children, adolescence and adulthood. The whole process is influenced by a variety of genetic and environmental factors. Eggs fertilization, the individual’s growth potential and the genetic order of the growth of tissues and organs has been encoded on the order, and thus determines the possibility of growth and development; nerves, hormones, growth factors and environmental factors can affect the external genetic expression of genes, Determine the reality of growth and development. In the critical period of growth and development, the interference of environmental factors will have long-term effects.