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曲线通过和蛇行运动时将会在轮轨间产生一定的冲角,为探究列车车轮在冲角工况下的损伤机理,利用JD-1轮轨模拟试验机对列车车轮进行滚动接触疲劳试验.结果表明:在冲角工况下车轮试件磨痕的不同区域存在不同的损伤机理,按损伤机理的不同可以将其分为塑性堆积区、疲劳损伤区和磨损区三个区域.在应力发生剧烈变化且应力方向由高应力区指向低应力区的区域将会出现材料的塑性堆积,并且在堆积处产生疲劳裂纹.滚动接触下的疲劳裂纹可以萌生于表面和亚表面,在较强应力作用下,车轮材料的晶粒发生了明显的细化,在横截面上呈现出纤维状组织.
In order to explore the damage mechanism of the train wheels under the condition of the angle of attack, the rolling contact fatigue test of the train wheels is carried out by using the JD-1 wheel-rail simulation test machine. The results show that there are different damage mechanisms in different regions of wheel wear marks under the condition of attack angle, which can be divided into three regions: plastic accumulation zone, fatigue damage zone and wear zone according to different damage mechanisms. In the area where the stress direction changes from high stress area to low stress area, plastic deformation will occur, and fatigue cracks will occur in the deposit.Fatigue cracks under rolling contact may initiate on the surface and sub-surface, , The grain of the wheel material has been significantly refined, presenting a fibrous structure in the cross-section.