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通过对成年新西兰免上唇皮肤麦克尔细胞(Merkel cell)及其与神经终末的光镜和电镜观察发现,麦克尔细胞多以成群分布在皮肤触盘上皮基底面和触须毛囊外根鞘,光镜下表现为明细胞,细胞长轴与表皮表面平行。电镜下这种细胞以胞质内存在特殊的直径80～200nm 的膜包致密核心颗粒为特征,核常分叶。胞体与周围角质形成细胞构成桥粒。神经纤维大量分布于毛囊外周和真皮,还见穿过基膜到达表皮和毛囊上皮鞘,与麦克尔细胞构成突触样结构。麦克尔细胞质内的特殊颗粒多集中在此结构附近。此外,可见兼有角质形成细胞和麦克尔细胞某些特征的过渡细胞,其胞质既含有麦克尔颗粒,又含有粗的张力丝。实验结果提示麦克尔细胞可能是一种神经内分泌细胞,可能由上皮内角质形成细胞发育而来。
Through the observation of adult New Zealand lip-free Merkel cell and its relationship with the nerve terminals, it was found that the majority of the cells were distributed in groups on the basal surface of epithelium and the outer root sheath of the hair follicle, Light microscopy showed bright cells, the long axis of the cell parallel with the epidermal surface. Electron microscopy of such cells to cytoplasm in the presence of a special diameter of 80 ~ 200nm film dense core particles characterized by nuclear often lobulated. Cell bodies and surrounding keratinocytes constitute desmosomes. A large number of nerve fibers distributed in the hair follicles peripheral and dermis, see also through the basement membrane to reach the epidermis and follicular epithelial sheath, and Michael cells constitute synaptic-like structure. The special particles in the cytoplasm of Michel are mostly concentrated near this structure. In addition, the transitional cells, which combine certain features of keratinocytes and Michael cells, have cytoplasm containing both micelles and coarse tensioned filaments. The experimental results suggest that Michael cells may be a neuroendocrine cell, which may be derived from intraepithelial keratinocytes.