论文部分内容阅读
本文深入考察了美国BIT和FTA负面清单的发展和演变过程,分析了两类协议负面清单的关联性和差异性。经过30多年的演变,美国的负面清单日益简洁和明确,新一代负面清单的政策透明度大大提高。美国BIT和FTA负面清单形式和内容的演进具有很强的关联性。目前,两类协议负面清单最主要的差异在于FTA增加了针对服务贸易的限制,包括在负面清单中增加涉及服务贸易的不符措施和在同一不符措施中增加涉及服务贸易的条款。在上述分析的基础上,本文从立法模式、立法内容和制度体系3个方面总结了美国负面清单管理制度可供中国借鉴的经验。
This article examines in depth the development and evolution of the negative list of BITs and FTAs in the United States, and analyzes the relevance and differences of the negative lists of the two types of agreements. After 30 years of evolution, the negative list of the United States has become increasingly concise and clear. The policy transparency of the new generation of negative lists has been greatly enhanced. The evolution of the form and content of negative BITs and FTAs in the United States is strongly correlated. At present, the main difference between the negative lists of the two types of agreements lies in the fact that the FTA has added restrictions on trade in services, including increasing non-conformities involving trade in services on the negative list and increasing the trade-related provisions in the same non-conformities. Based on the above analysis, this article summarizes the experiences that the U.S. negative inventory management system can learn from China from three aspects: legislative mode, legislative content and institutional system.