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目的分析2010-2011年聊城市手足口病病原学流行特征及病原谱变化规律,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法对2010-2011年病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2010和2011年分别报告实验室确诊病例3 303例和2 078例;2010年以肠道病毒71型(enterovirus71,EV71)感染为主,2011年以柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)感染为主。手足口病发病有季节性,4～7月份为发病高峰,不同发病时段的优势病原体主要为EV71和CA16,二者呈交替流行;发病主要集中在5岁以下年龄组(95.56%),以散居儿童为主(90.24%),托幼儿童中EV71的检出率高于CA16的检出率(χ2=71.02,P<0.001);1～岁组的重症发生率最高,感染EV71的重症发生率明显高于感染CA16者(χ2=216.47,P<0.001)。结论手足口病的主要病原体是EV71和CA16,二者在不同时段可交替或相伴流行;病原谱的变化有规律性;EV71是造成重症的主要病原体。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of etiological and pathogenic changes of HFMD in Liaocheng from 2010 to 2011 and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the etiological test results from 2010 to 2011. Results There were 3 303 laboratory confirmed cases and 2 078 laboratory confirmed cases in 2010 and 2011 respectively. In 2010, the infection was mainly caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71). In 2011, the infection with Coxsackie virus A16 (CA16) was the Lord. The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was seasonal, and peaked from April to July. The predominant pathogens at different stages of the disease were EV71 and CA16, which were alternately epidemic. The incidence mainly concentrated in the age group of under 5 years old (95.56%), (90.24%). The detection rate of EV71 in child care children was higher than that of CA16 (χ2 = 71.02, P <0.001). The incidence of severe disease in 1 ~ Significantly higher than those infected with CA16 (χ2 = 216.47, P <0.001). Conclusions The main pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease are EV71 and CA16, which may alternate or co-circulate at different time periods. The variation of pathogen spectrum is regular. EV71 is the major pathogen causing severe disease.