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自古以来,人们在感到不适或有症状之后,首先会推测导致这些症状的原因,并采取一些自我行动,以图减轻症状。这些行动即可称之为“自我医疗”。在现代医学出现之前,对症状进行解释的理论五花八门,如机体某些物质的平衡失调、因果报应、上天惩罚或魔法巫咒等。相应地,人们采用的缓解症状的方法也多种多样,如服用草药汤剂,涂抹药膏,泡浴身体,驱魔除邪,祈祷许愿等。直到今天,在世界上的许多地区,这些传统的自我医疗仍然广为流行。
Since ancient times, after feeling unwell or having symptoms, people first speculate on the causes of these symptoms and take some self-action in an attempt to relieve symptoms. These actions can be called “self-medical treatment.” Before the advent of modern medicine, the theory of the interpretation of symptoms varied, such as the body’s balance of certain substances, karma, heavenly punishment, or magical witchcraft. Correspondingly, the methods used by people to relieve symptoms are also varied, such as taking herbal decoction, applying ointment, bathing the body, exorcising evil spirits, and wishing to pray. Even today, in many parts of the world, these traditional self-medical treatments are still widespread.