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外贸企业在经营过程中形成的以外币计量的资产或负债可能受到汇率变动的影响形成汇率风险。2005年7月,央行宣布废除盯住单一美元的货币政策,实行以市场供求为基础,参考一篮子货币进行调节,有管理的浮动汇率制度。在原有人民币汇率条件下,外贸企业可以不将汇率风险作为关注对象,但随着人民币汇率改革的深入,外贸企业应加强汇率风险意识,并寻求有效的规避措施。本文从外汇套期保值的角度说明了现代外贸企业如何进行汇率风险的规避,为我国企业在汇率风险规避方面提供了一定的解决策略。
Assets or liabilities measured in foreign currencies formed by foreign trade enterprises in the process of operation may be affected by exchange rate fluctuations to form exchange rate risk. In July 2005, the central bank announced the abolition of the monetary policy staring at a single dollar and implemented a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. Under the original RMB exchange rate conditions, foreign trade enterprises may not regard exchange rate risk as the object of concern. However, as the reform of RMB exchange rate deepens, foreign trade enterprises should strengthen their awareness of exchange rate risk and seek effective measures to avoid them. This paper illustrates how the modern foreign trade enterprises avoid the exchange rate risk from the perspective of foreign exchange hedging, and provides some solutions for Chinese enterprises to avoid the exchange rate risk.