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一、交通基础设施建设对国土资源的影响 1.挤占大量耕地 土地,特别是耕地,是人类所有生活和生产活动必不可少的一种自然资源。公路、铁路、机场等交通基础设施建设,往往要占用大量宝贵的良田,尤其是高等级公路,高速铁路,由于线路标准要求高,占用耕地更为突出,每公里占用土地少则上万平米,多则数十万平米。对耕地资源（特别是良田好地）十分宝贵的西部山区来说是难以承受的。
I. Impact of Transport Infrastructure Construction on Land and Resources 1. Occupying a large amount of cultivated land, especially cultivated land, is a natural resource indispensable to all human beings' living and production activities. The construction of transport infrastructure such as roads, railways and airports often occupy a large amount of valuable farmland, especially high-grade highways and high-speed railways. Due to the high requirements of the line standards, the occupation of arable land is even more prominent, with tens of thousands of square meters of land occupied per kilometer, More than hundreds of thousands of square meters. It is unbearable for the western mountainous areas where the cultivated land resources (especially well-being fields) are very valuable.