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采用沉淀-浸渍法制备固体超强酸SO42-/Fe2O3催化剂,并将该催化剂用于生物柴油的制备。研究了沉淀温度、焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响,用FTIR对催化剂进行了表征。考察了催化剂用量、醇油摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间对生物柴油收率的影响。实验表明,SO42-/Fe2O3固体超强酸对制备生物柴油具有较高催化活性,冰水浴中沉淀、500℃焙烧效果最佳。SO42-/Fe2O3固体超强酸催化制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为:催化剂用量为原料油质量的2%,醇油摩尔比12∶1,反应温度220℃,反应时间8h。在最佳条件下,生物柴油收率可达80%以上。催化剂重复使用5次(40h),生物柴油收率仍在70%以上。
Solid superacid SO42- / Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared by precipitation-impregnation method, and the catalyst was used in the preparation of biodiesel. The effects of precipitation temperature and calcination temperature on the catalyst performance were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by FTIR. The effects of catalyst dosage, molar ratio of alcohol to oil, reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of biodiesel were investigated. Experiments show that the SO42- / Fe2O3 solid superacid has high catalytic activity for the preparation of biodiesel, precipitation in an ice-water bath, calcination at 500 ℃ best. SO42- / Fe2O3 solid superacid catalyst for the preparation of biodiesel optimum conditions: the amount of catalyst for the quality of raw oil 2%, the molar ratio of alcohol to oil 12: 1, the reaction temperature is 220 ℃, the reaction time 8h. Under the best conditions, the yield of biodiesel can reach more than 80%. Reuse of catalyst 5 times (40h), the biodiesel yield is still above 70%.