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为了对制定甲醛意外泄漏应急救援预案提出基本要求,并为开展职业病危害评价提供依据,运用基于计算流体力学技术的Fluent软件,选择某木业公司制胶车间40吨甲醛储罐厂房为研究对象,对该厂房甲醛储罐意外泄漏扩散规律进行仿真模拟,预测甲醛突发性泄漏时扩散的程度和范围。结果表明,在甲醛储罐厂房门窗封闭良好、无通风的条件下,甲醛气体泄漏后扩散的浓度和扩散的范围均与泄漏时间有密切关系,在员工活动区,当泄漏发生3~4min时,空气中甲醛浓度在0.4mg/m3,但泄漏至5min时,甲醛浓度可迅速达到10mg/m3以上。提示一旦发生甲醛泄漏事件,时间是实施紧急处置措施的关键点,在不具备有效的个体防护装备以及不能确保不发生燃烧爆炸情况下,所有员工必须在3~4min内立即撤离事故现场,确保人身安全。因此,在制定该工作场所甲醛意外泄漏应急预案时,预警时间至关重要,并以此为基础提出相关救援措施,以保证应急预案的实用性和可操作性。
In order to put forward the basic requirements for formulating emergency rescue plan for accidental leakage of formaldehyde and provide the basis for the evaluation of occupational hazards, using Fluent software based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology and choosing 40 tons of formaldehyde plant for plastic workshop of a Wood Company as the research object, The factory formaldehyde emission accidental leakage of the diffusion simulation simulation to predict the extent of the spread of formaldehyde and leakage of the extent and scope. The results show that the density and diffusion range of formaldehyde gas leakage are closely related to the leaking time when the doors and windows of the formaldehyde storage plant are well closed and without ventilation. In the staff activity area, when the leakage occurs 3 ~ 4min, Formaldehyde concentration in the air 0.4mg / m3, but leaks to 5min, the formaldehyde concentration can be quickly reached 10mg / m3 or more. Tips In the event of formaldehyde leaks, time is the key to implementing emergency measures in the absence of effective personal protective equipment and can not ensure that no combustion explosion occurred, all employees must be within 3 ~ 4min immediately evacuated from the scene to ensure that the body Safety. Therefore, in formulating the contingency plan for the accidental leakage of formaldehyde in the workplace, the warning time is of the utmost importance and relevant rescue measures are put forward on the basis of this to ensure the practicality and operability of the contingency plan.