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天然气分布式冷热电联供(DES/CCHP)是中国“十二五”期间提高能效、保障经济发展的重要战略举措,其评价指标是能源利用效率、经济效益、碳排放。DES/CCHP实现高效的技术关键包括:把所有终端用能集成为一个“总能源系统”;科学用能,核心是尽可能减小每一级用能的损耗;尽可能安排多个冷、热、电、汽终端用户时空分布的最优组合;需要较大的系统规模。新区DES/CCHP系统能效是决定区域总能效的最主要因素,两者的区别在于交通用能、其他用能和外来电力,可在取得相应数据基础上计算得出。计算能源利用效率的一般公式是:能效=终端耗用各种能源总量之和/耗用的一次能源总量,CCHP能效计算的分子必须是全部终端用能,必须按照8650h/a不同负荷逐时累加求和计算,不能取设计工况数据;分母必须全部折算成一次能源。在计算出区域规划的能效、总能耗和一次能源构成后,便可按照规划目标年度的GDP数据,推算出能源强度、碳强度和二氧化碳排放量等低碳发展指标。影响区域能源利用效率的因素包括外部因素——天然气价格与上网电价,客观因素——产业格局、气候条件和实际进展与规划格局的差异,以及主观因素等,其中外部、客观因素是决定能效的硬性约束。
The distributed natural gas CHP (DES / CCHP) is an important strategic move for improving energy efficiency and ensuring economic development during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” in China. Its evaluation indexes are energy utilization efficiency, economic benefits and carbon emissions. The key technologies for achieving DES / CCHP efficiency include: integrating all end-uses into a single “total energy system”; using energy scientifically, the core of which is to minimize the energy consumption at each level as much as possible; , Heat, electricity, steam end-user space-time distribution of the best combination; need a larger system size. The energy efficiency of the DES / CCHP system in the new district is the most important factor that determines the total energy efficiency of the district. The difference between the two lies in the traffic energy, other energy use and external power, which can be calculated based on the corresponding data. The general formula for calculating energy efficiency is: Energy efficiency = Total energy consumption of terminals / Total primary energy consumed, CCHP energy efficiency calculation of the molecule must be all terminal energy must be in accordance with the 8650h / a different load by When summation and summation calculation, can not take design working condition data; The denominator must all convert into primary energy. After calculating the energy efficiency, total energy consumption and primary energy composition of the regional plan, we can calculate the low-carbon development indicators such as energy intensity, carbon intensity and carbon dioxide emissions according to the GDP data of the planned target year. The factors affecting the regional energy efficiency include external factors - natural gas price and feed-in tariffs, objective factors - industrial structure, climatic conditions and actual progress and planning differences, as well as subjective factors, etc., of which the external and objective factors are to determine energy efficiency Hard constraints.