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锚杆在土建工程中虽沿用已久,但在50年代以前,它只是作为施工过程中的一种临时措施,50年代中期以后,在国外的隧道工程中开始广泛采用小型永久性的灌浆锚杆和喷射混凝土用以代替以往的隧道衬砌结构。60年代以来,锚杆技术得到了迅速的发展,除临时建筑物外,并在修建永久性建筑物上也得到更广泛的应用,收到了良好的效果。我国在兴建山区铁路支挡建筑物中,采用锚杆这项新技术,还是自1966年成昆线开始的。此后陆续在全国数条新建铁道工程中修建了多处锚杆挡墙,使用情况一般较好。但这些锚杆墙多为路堑挡墙,而且多数是使用改装的地质钻或其他矿山钻机钻孔,制作成大孔径的锚
Although it has been used in civil engineering for a long time, it was only used as an interim measure before the 1950s. Since the mid-1950s, small and permanent grouting bolts have been widely used in foreign tunnel projects And spray concrete to replace the previous tunnel lining structure. Since the 1960s, the bolt technology has been rapidly developed, in addition to the temporary buildings, and in the construction of permanent buildings have also been more widely used, received good results. In the construction of mountain railway construction in China, the use of this new technology anchor, or from 1966 into the Kunming line. Since then, several anchor retaining walls have been built in several new railway projects across the country, which are generally in good use. However, most of these anchor walls are cutting walls, and most of them are drilled with modified geological drills or other mining rigs to make large-aperture anchors