本文系世界银行顾问巴拉萨在上海所作的学术报告摘要。本文分析社会主义经济和私有制市场经济在1974至1976和1979至1981年的两次石油涨价外来冲击情况下所采取的不同对策。这两个时期的另一 This article is a summary of academic presentations by Balassa, an adviser to the World Bank, in Shanghai. This article analyzes the different countermeasures adopted by the socialist economy and the private-owned market economy under the two external shocks of oil prices from 1974 to 1976 and from 1979 to 1981. The other of these two periods