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目的研究沈阳市沈北新区汉族与锡伯族6~15岁中小学生的身高、体质量及体表面积的生长发育变化情况,为青少年学生体质健康指标评价提供科学依据。方法通过对2014年沈阳市沈北新区锡伯族和汉族2所学校6~15岁中小学生进行实际体检测量,获得身高体质量数据并进行统计分析,使用Stevenson公式计算体表面积,并对结果进行比较。结果沈北新区锡伯族男女学生的身高、体质量和体表面积等3项指标的年平均值明显低于汉族学生;锡伯族、汉族男女学生6~15岁年龄段的身高、体质量、体表面积的年平均值变化不一致,但变化趋势基本相同。其中汉族男生的体表面积>锡伯族男生,2个民族学生的体表面积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在12和13岁年龄段,汉族和锡伯族男生体表面积差异最大,汉族>锡伯族0.18㎡;女生在12岁年龄段体表面积差异最大,汉族>锡伯族0.12㎡。结论沈北新区汉族与锡伯族中小学生的体表面积存在明显的差异。
Objective To study the growth and development of height and body mass and body surface area of primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 in Han and Xibe nationalities in Shenbei New District of Shenyang City, and to provide a scientific basis for evaluation of physique and health of adolescent students. Methods The actual physical examination of primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years old in Xibe and Shen Han 2 schools in Shenbei New District of Shenyang in 2014 was conducted to obtain body height and body mass data and statistical analysis. The body surface area was calculated by Stevenson formula and the results were compared . Results The average annual mean values of height, body weight and body surface area of male and female students in Shenbei were significantly lower than those of Han students. The average height, weight and body surface area of male and female students in Xibe and Han nationality ranged from 6 to 15 years old The annual average change is inconsistent, but the change trend is basically the same. The body surface area of Han boys was more than that of Xibe boys and 2 ethnic students (P <0.05). At 12 and 13 years of age, Han and Xibe boys had the largest differences in body surface area, Han> Xibe 0.18 ㎡; girls had the largest difference in body surface area at 12 years of age, Han> Xibe 0.12 ㎡. Conclusion The body surface area of Han and Xibe students in Shenbei New District is obviously different.