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目的:探讨e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen, HBeAg)阳性的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B, CHB)发病与浆细胞样树突状细胞(plasmacytoid dendritic cell, pDC)频数及功能相关性。方法:入组HBeAg阳性CHB患者，包括免疫耐受期(immune tolerance, IT)患者49例和免疫清除期(immune clearance, IC)患者100例。检测其病毒血清学指标及肝功能等，并采集外周静脉血，流式细胞仪检测外周血pDC频数及表面共刺激分子Cluster of Differentiation 86CD86定量表达，分析CHB发病与pDC频数及功能相关性。结果:IC组与IT组比较，HBV表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg)s水平、HBeAg水平和HBV DNA载量有显著差异；IC组谷丙转移酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)水平显著高于IT组；IC组pDC百分率(%)显著低于IT组；IC组和IT组的CD86n + pDC%和CD86平均荧光强度(mean fluorescentintensity, MFI)无显著差异。IC患者基线pDC%与ALT水平负相关，而ALT水平与CD86n + pDC%、CD86MFI和CD86抗体结合量(antibody binding capacity, ABC)相关性无统计学意义。n 结论:pDC频数与CHB发病相关。CHB患者pDC频数越低越容易发生肝炎。因此，提高pDC频数可能抑制肝炎的发生。“,”Objective:To investigate the association between the pathogenesis of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B and the frequency and function of plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) in patients HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B virus infection.Methods:A total of 49 HBeAg (+ ) patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in immune tolerance phase (IT) and 100 patients in immune clearance phase (IC) were enrolled. The viral serological indicators and liver function were detected. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected. The peripheral blood pDC frequency and the quantitative expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD86 were detected by flow cytometry, and the correlation between the onset of chronic hepatitis B and the frequency and function of pDC was analyzed.Results:In IC group, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels, HBeAg levels and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA loads were significantly lower than those in IT group, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in IC group were significantly higher than that in IT group; pDC% in IC group was significantly lower than that in IT group; CD86n + pDC% and CD86 mean fluorescentintensity (MFI) showed no significant difference between the two groups. In the IC group, the baseline pDC% was negatively correlated with ALT levels, while CD86n + pDC%, CD86MFI, and CD86 antibody binding capacity (ABC) had no remarkable correlation with ALT levels.n Conclusions:The frequency of pDC was correlated with the pathogenesis of CHB. The lower the frequency of pDC in patients with CHB, the more prone to hepatitis. Therefore, increasing the frequency of pDC may inhibit the occurrence of hepatitis.