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目的对广西容县寄生虫病综合防治示范区的效果和措施进行评价,为探索防治新模式提供科学依据。方法采用改良加藤法,对3岁以上的居民进行土源性线虫检查;采用阿苯达唑咀嚼片和甲苯咪唑咀嚼片驱虫;开展以实物为证据的视觉教育为主的健康教育活动;采用问卷调查方式进行卫生知识和卫生行为调查;收集改水改厕人群覆盖情况等资料,同时采用问卷调查方式抽查。结果 2006～2011年群众服药驱虫共2 065 579人次;其中2006～2009年服药率为78.00%～88.06%。发放宣传资料和信息等共190万多份。群众知晓率从2006年的71.60%提高到2011年的93.33%,卫生行为合格率从74.40%提高到93.33%。改水受益人口共69万多人,改水累计受益率为96.93%;修建无害化厕所共10万多户,卫生厕所普及率为87.91%;改造洼地共5 000多处,清理疏通沟渠共40公里,清理畜圈共15万多处。寄生虫总感染率从2006年的30.10%降至2011年的3.56%,呈大幅度下降。结论以实物为证据的视觉教育为主的健康教育,充分发掘农、林、水和爱卫部门改善环境卫生为基础的卫生资源,适当的群体药物驱虫,三种措施联合实施能够快速有效控制寄生虫病流行。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and measures of the comprehensive prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in Rongxian County, Guangxi Province, and provide a scientific basis for exploring new modes of prevention and treatment. Methods The improved Kato method was adopted to detect soil-borne nematodes among residents over 3 years of age. Albendazole chewable tablets and mebendazole chewable tablets were used for de-worming. Visual education-based health education activities based on physical evidence were carried out. Questionnaire survey of health knowledge and health behavior survey; collect information on the coverage of water and lavatories crowd, etc., while sampling by means of a questionnaire survey. Results From 2006 to 2011, the masses took 2 065 579 deworming drugs, of which the rate of taking drugs was 78.00% -88.06% from 2006 to 2009. More than 1.9 million copies of publicity materials and information were distributed. The public awareness rate increased from 71.60% in 2006 to 93.33% in 2011, and the passing rate of health behaviors increased from 74.40% to 93.33%. The water benefiting population was more than 690,000, with a cumulative benefit rate of 96.93%. The total number of unsafe toilets was more than 100,000 and that of sanitary toilets was 87.91%. Over 5,000 depressions were renovated to clear the ditches 40 km, clean up more than 150,000 livestock pens. The total parasitic infection rate dropped significantly from 30.10% in 2006 to 3.56% in 2011. Conclusion Based on the physical education of visual education as the evidence, the health resources based on improving sanitation of agriculture, forestry, water and AIDS departments are fully exploited. The appropriate groups of drug deworming and the joint implementation of the three measures can be quickly and effectively controlled Parasitic disease epidemic.