〔教材简介〕列方程解应用题是小学数学课本第八册新增加的内容之一。学习的目的主要不在于会解本节的应用题,而在于初步领会用方程解应用题的优越性,初步了解和掌握这一解决实际问题的新的更为重要的数学方法。由于解方程是上一节学习的内容,所以,本节教材重点所在就是根据题意列方程。列方程的基础是列代数式,关键是找准等量关系,因此,有必要针对这两项内容精心选择和设计一些专门的练习,经常训练,逐项突破,使之内化为学生熟练的技能。初学列方程解应用题时,往往会受到算术解法的干扰,习惯于依照算术的思路去列方程,因此,要集中力量,进行思路诱导,帮助学生突破这一难点。另外,在列方程解应用题时,常常会出现一些典型问题。对此,教师必须充分注意,胸有对策,以便进行有效的引导。 [Introduction to Teaching Materials] Column Equations Application Questions is one of the new additions to Volume 8 of the Math Textbook for Primary Schools. The main purpose of learning is not to understand the application of this section, but rather to gain an initial understanding of the superiority of solving problems with equations to understand and master this new and more important mathematical method to solve practical problems. Since the solution equation is the content of the previous section, the focus of this lesson is to formulate equations based on the questions. Column based on algebraic equations, the key is to identify the same amount of relationship, therefore, it is necessary for these two elements carefully selected and designed some specialized exercises, regular training, one by one breakthrough, so that internalization of students skilled skills . Beginner column equation solution problems, often by the arithmetic solution of the interference, accustomed to the equation in line with mathematical equations, therefore, to focus on the guidance of ideas to help students break through this difficult. In addition, some typical problems often arise when solving column equations. In this regard, teachers must pay full attention to the countermeasures in order to carry out effective guidance.