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行为犯不同于形式犯,需要实质意义上的危害结果。行为犯包括狭义的行为犯和抽象危险犯。对行为犯的识别应当从条文入手,以法益为标杆解释、辨别其是否规定了形式意义上的危害结果。在立法上,行为犯体现出立法者对法益的前置性保护;在司法上,行为犯降低控诉方的证明责任,由被告承担“相反的证明”责任。行为犯绝非行为无价值论或“二元论”下的理论产物,对其研究必须以结果无价值论为根基。
Behavioral offenders are different from those who commit crimes in form and require substantive harm. Behavioral offenses include narrowly defined offenders and abstract dangerous criminals. Identification of behavior offender should start from the provisions of the law to benefit the benchmark for interpretation, to determine whether it provides a formal sense of the consequences of the harm. In legislation, behavior guilty embodies the forerunner’s protection of law and interests; in judiciary, behavior guilty reduces the burden of proof of the complaining party, and the defendant assumes the “opposite proof” responsibility. Behavioral guilty of non-actionless theory of value or “dualism” under the theoretical product, its research must be based on the results of non-value theory.