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以津优35号黄瓜为材料,采用根尖悬空气培养的方法,研究了紫茎泽兰提取物对黄瓜根边缘细胞的化感胁迫,以及外源NO缓解化感胁迫的效应。结果表明:1000 mg·L-1紫茎泽兰提取物对黄瓜根尖有明显的伤害作用,根尖组织结构被破坏,根尖表层细胞脱落,细胞排列混乱且疏松;这些伤害能够被外源NO有效缓解。与对照相比,紫茎泽兰提取物处理黄瓜幼苗根尖根边缘细胞(RBC)的数量和细胞活率被显著抑制,分别降低54.5%和97.2%,细胞凋亡率升高12.3倍,RBC的黏胶层厚度增加31.4%,根边缘细胞根冠果胶甲基酯酶(PME)活性显著增加。与紫茎泽兰提取物处理相比,提取物胁迫下添加外源NO处理,RBC数量和细胞活率分别增加72.4%和146.0%,细胞凋亡率和RBC黏胶层厚度分别降低30.7%和15.0%,PME活性在处理72 h时降低了14.3%。紫茎泽兰提取物对黄瓜RBC产生细胞毒性,诱导细胞发生凋亡和死亡,破坏RBC对根尖的保护,提取物进一步对根尖产生胁迫伤害,破坏根尖的组织结构。外源NO可以在一定程度上缓解提取物对黄瓜根尖及RBC的化感胁迫伤害。
Using the method of root tip hanging air culture, we studied the allelopathy of Eupatorium adenophorum extract on cucumber root border cells and the effect of exogenous NO on relieving the allelopathy. The results showed that the extract of 1000 mg · L-1 Eupatorium adenophorum had obvious injurious effect on root tip of cucumber, the structure of root tip tissue was destroyed, the apical surface cells shedding, the cells arranged in disorder and loose; these injuries could be exogenous NO effectively alleviate. Compared with the control, the number and viable cell viability of Eupatorium adenophorum extract in root tip cells of cucumber seedlings were significantly reduced by 54.5% and 97.2%, respectively, and the apoptosis rate increased by 12.3 times. The RBC The thickness of the adhesive layer increased by 31.4%, and the activity of PME in root edge cells increased significantly. Compared with the treatment with the extract of Eupatorium adenophorum, the exogenous NO treatment increased the number of RBC and the viable cell viability by 72.4% and 146.0%, respectively, and the apoptosis rate and RBC adhesive layer thickness decreased by 30.7% and 15.0%, PME activity decreased by 14.3% at 72 h. Eupatorium adenophorum extract on cucumber RBC cytotoxicity induced cell apoptosis and death, destruction of RBC on the protection of root tips, extract further root damage caused by stress, damage root tip organization. Exogenous NO could alleviate the allelopathy of extract to cucumber apical and RBC to a certain extent.