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EB病毒(EBV)感染的实验室诊断主要用血清学方法检测EBV抗原的特异抗体和异嗜性抗体,其中包括:抗VCA IgM、抗VCA IgG、弥散型早期抗原的抗体(anti-EA-D)、局限型早期抗原的抗体(anti-EA-R),抗EBV核心抗原抗体(EBNA)等。但是anti-EA-D抗体是一过性的,感染者中只有80%能检出,anti-EA-R抗体在传染性单核细胞增多症急性期很少出现,恢复期常为一过性出现。虽然EBNA IgM提示有早期感染,但有非特异反应引起的假阳性结果。EBNAIgG在发病数周之后检出,而免疫功能降低患者体内EBV潜伏感染激活不能引起该抗体的升高。Paul-Bunneu试验检测异嗜性抗体结果阴性不能排除EBV感染,因该抗体在
The laboratory diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection mainly uses serological methods to detect EBV-specific and heterophilic antibodies, including anti-VCA IgM, anti-VCA IgG and anti-EA-D ), Anti-EA-R, anti-EBV core antigen antibody (EBNA) and the like. However, the anti-EA-D antibody is transient and only 80% of those infected can be detected. Anti-EA-R antibodies rarely appear in the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis, and the recovery is often transient appear. Although EBNA IgM suggests an early infection, there is a false positive result from nonspecific reactions. EBNAIgG is detected several weeks after onset, while activation of EBV latent infection in patients with reduced immune function does not cause an increase in this antibody. Paul-Bunneu test negative for heterophile antibodies can not rule out EBV infection, because the antibodies in