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目的分析海南省2011—2015年度流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2015年度全省报告的流感暴发疫情资料,对暴发的时间、地区、场所、规模、病毒型别进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011—2015年度全省共报告流感暴发疫情21起,累计报告发病791例,平均罹患率3.17%,无死亡病例。暴发疫情主要发生在每年的3月和5月,占总起数的76.19%,疫情主要集中在中小学校,共20起(占总起数的95.24%)。农村地区报告疫情起数最多,占总起数的71.43%。暴发的优势循环株先后为B型流感,甲型H1N1流感,甲型H3N2亚型和B型流感。结论海南省流感暴发疫情具有明显的季节性,春季是高发季节,中小学校是流感暴发的高发场所,应加强农村学校流感样病例暴发疫情的监测,优势循环株变化频繁,应密切关注病原学变化。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Hainan Province during 2011-2015 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods The data of influenza outbreaks reported in the province from 2011 to 2015 were collected to describe the epidemiological analysis of the time, area, place, scale and type of the outbreak. Results In 2011-2015, 21 outbreaks of influenza outbreaks were reported across the province, with a total of 791 cases reported, with an average attack rate of 3.17%. No deaths were reported. Outbreaks occurred mainly in March and May each year, accounting for 76.19% of the total number of cases. The outbreak mainly concentrated in primary and secondary schools, with a total of 20 cases (accounting for 95.24% of the total cases). Outbreaks were highest in rural areas, accounting for 71.43% of the total. Outbreak of the advantages of circulating strains for the B-type influenza, H1N1 flu, H3N2 influenza A and B type. Conclusions The outbreak of influenza in Hainan Province is obviously seasonal. Spring is the high season. Primary and secondary schools are the high incidence of influenza outbreaks. Influenza-like outbreaks should be monitored in rural schools. The dominant circulating strains are frequently changed. Pay close attention to the etiological changes .