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图19 蒂卡尔一号神庙,公元700年,危地马拉。 淹没在热带丛林之中的蒂卡尔是玛雅古典时期的宗教中心之一。这里有十几座峭拔高耸的金字塔神庙,被称为“丛林大教堂”。一号神庙由9层逐渐往上缩小的台基组成,在顶部不大的平面上建有狭小而黑暗的神庙。这座神庙充分体现了古典时期玛雅建筑的特点:厚重的墙壁、高耸的中楣和屋脊,建筑物的下部朴素光洁,而屋顶部分却堆满了浮雕装饰。屋顶部分的高度甚至超过了建筑物的主墙,仿佛是半裸体的玛雅首领头上戴着的高耸而华丽的头饰。玛雅人的金字塔完全不同于埃及金字塔,它是为了提高神庙建筑的高度、作为台基而建造的。这
Figure 19 Tikal One Temple, AD 700, Guatemala. Tikal, submerged in the middle of the tropical jungle, is one of the Mayan classical religious centers. There are more than a dozen towering pyramid temples, known as the “Jungle Cathedral.” Temple No. 1, which is composed of a gradually narrowing 9-story Taiji base, has a small, dark temple on the not-so-large level. This temple is a hallmark of the Mayan architecture of the classical period: thick walls, high ceilings and roofs, the lower part of the building is light and clean, and the rooftops are filled with reliefs. The roof is even taller than the main wall of the building, as if it were the tall, ornate headdress worn on the head of a semi-nude Maya chief. Maya pyramid completely different from the Egyptian pyramid, it is to raise the temple building height, built as a base. This