这篇综述首先概括地探讨了材料对工业和经济的重要性。现在普遍认为,材料是未来技术发展的支柱之一。必须具有材料才能使工程结构的功能付诸实现。从这种意义上来看,材料起到了一个基础的作用。它给所有工业部门提供构架,从而它实质上代表着可实现的技术。本文评论了战略材料的类型、一些国家的矿物资源潜势及储备方针。 This review first briefly discusses the importance of materials to industry and economy. It is generally believed that materials are one of the pillars of future technological development. Material must be available for the function of the engineering structure to be realized. In this sense, materials play a fundamental role. It provides a framework for all industrial sectors so that it essentially represents the technology that can be achieved. This article reviews the types of strategic materials, the potential of mineral resources in some countries, and reserve policies.