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目的调查伊宁地区3~5岁维吾尔族和汉族儿童重度龋的流行情况及危险因素,为当地儿童龋病的防治提供科学依据。方法根据《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》,采用多阶段、分层、整群抽样的方法,随机抽取伊宁地区城乡16所幼儿园的3~5岁维、汉两族儿童808名,对其进行口腔检查,并向家长发放问卷,对儿童的喂养方式、饮食习惯等方面进行调查,数据采用Logistic回归分析方法分析。结果伊宁地区儿童龋病的患病率为81.93%,龋均为4.45,重度婴幼儿龋的患病率为38.86%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄更大[OR=2.235,P<0.001]、刷牙后/睡前进食情况频率更高[OR=1.742,P=0.011]、吃饼干、蛋糕更频繁[OR=1.698,P<0.001]、孩子看电视时间更长[OR=1.365,P=0.021]是重度婴幼儿龋的危险因素;刷牙次数更多[OR=0.590,P=0.001]、帮助孩子刷牙[OR=0.724,P=0.003]是重度婴幼儿龋的保护因素。结论伊宁地区3~5岁维、汉两族儿童重度龋的患病率较高,应引起父母、幼儿园幼师、医务工作者的关注,开展婴幼儿龋的早期防治工作,以期降低当地儿童龋病的患病率,提高口腔健康水平。
Objective To investigate prevalence and risk factors of severe caries in Uygur and Han children aged 3 ~ 5 years in Yining, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of caries in local children. Methods According to the “Third National Oral Health Epidemiology Survey Scheme”, a multi-stage, stratified and cluster sampling method was adopted to randomly select 808 children of Uygur and Han nationalities from 3 to 5 years old in 16 kindergartens in urban and rural areas of Yining Name, oral examination, questionnaires to parents, children’s feeding methods, eating habits and other aspects of the investigation, the data using Logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of dental caries in children in Yining was 81.93%. The caries was 4.45. The prevalence of dental caries in infants and young children was 38.86%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the age was higher (OR = 2.235, P <0.001), and the post-brushing / bedtime eating frequency was higher (OR = 1.742, P = 0.011) 1.698, P <0.001]. Children watched TV for a longer period of time (OR = 1.365, P = 0.021), which was a risk factor for severe caries in infants and young children. Brushing teeth more frequently [OR = 0.590, P = 0.001] = 0.724, P = 0.003] is a protective factor for severe infant caries. Conclusion The prevalence of severe caries in Uygur and Han nationality children aged 3 to 5 years in Yining is higher than that in Yining area, and should be paid attention to by parents, kindergarten teachers and medical workers in order to reduce the local caries in infants and young children Prevalence of dental caries and improve oral health.