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[目的]探讨肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张破裂出血(EVB)的危险因素。[方法]对194例肝硬化患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,用非条件Logistic回归模型从性别、年龄、病因、病程、肝功能分级、有无腹水、食管静脉曲张程度、门静脉内径、总胆红素、血小板等10个变量中筛选出与肝硬化EVB最密切的危险因素。[结果]194例肝硬化食管静脉曲张患者中80例合并出血(EVB组),EVB发生率为41.2%;未发生EVB者114例(非EVB组)。单因素分析显示:EVB组的食管静脉曲张程度比非EVB组严重(P<0.01),EVB组的门静脉内径〔(13.1±2.2)mm〕比非EVB组〔(12.3±1.9)mm〕大(P<0.01);非条件Logistic回归分析显示食管静脉曲张程度、门静脉内径是肝硬化EVB的危险因素(P<0.01)。[结论]食管静脉曲张程度、门静脉内径、腹水是EVB的危险因素。
[Objective] To explore the risk factors of cirrhosis complicated with esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB). [Methods] The clinical data of 194 patients with liver cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed. The non-conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the clinical data of patients with liver cirrhosis from the aspects of gender, age, etiology, course of disease, grade of liver function, presence or absence of ascites, esophageal varices, portal vein diameter, Red pigment, platelets and other 10 variables were screened out the most closely related risk factors for liver cirrhosis EVB. [Results] Among 194 patients with esophageal varices with cirrhosis, 80 had combined hemorrhage (EVB group), the incidence of EVB was 41.2%; 114 patients without EVB (non-EVB group). Univariate analysis showed that the degree of esophageal varices in EVB group was significantly higher than that in non-EVB group (P <0.01), and the diameter of portal vein in EVB group was (13.1 ± 2.2) mm higher than that in non-EVB group (12.3 ± 1.9) mm P <0.01). Unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of esophageal varices and the diameter of portal vein were the risk factors of cirrhosis EVB (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The degree of esophageal varices, portal vein diameter and ascites are the risk factors of EVB.