自美国安然财务造假事件以来,国内外财务造假案件频发,引发人们对上市公司财务信息质量的质疑。影响盈余质量的因素分为内部因素和外部因素,究其根本原因还在于所有者的理念和行为。所有者支配着企业的资源,左右着企业的经营理念、方针、政策。尤其是民营企业,作为一种以私有制为基础而存在的经济组织形式,更直接的目的是为所有者赚取收益,存在于这种前提下的盈余质量更加值得我们思考。本文将主要对当今的资本市场上民营企业的盈余质量与公司的股权结构到底呈现出一种什么样的关系进行探讨,以期为投资者和监管机构等信息使用者提供一定的参考。 Since the Enron financial fraud incident in the United States, frequent cases of financial fraud at home and abroad have caused people to question the quality of financial information of listed companies. The factors that affect the quality of earnings are divided into internal factors and external factors. The fundamental reason lies in the owner’s ideas and behaviors. The owner dominates the resources of the enterprise, affecting the business philosophy, guidelines and policies of the enterprise. Especially private-owned enterprises, as a form of economic organization based on private ownership, have a more direct purpose of earning profits for their owners. The quality of the surpluses that exist under such conditions is even more worthy of our consideration. This paper will mainly discuss the relationship between the earnings quality of private enterprises in the capital market and the ownership structure of the company in the end, in order to provide reference for investors and regulators such as information users.